Time, RTC & Clocks

Long-wave atomic clock signals are used worldwide to provide accurate time without internet access. While these systems serve the same purpose, they differ in frequency, coverage, encoding and practical performance. This article compares the most important time signal systems: WWVB, DCF77, MSF and JJY. Overview of Major Time Signal Systems WWVB – United States (North […]

The DS1307 is one of the most widely used real-time clock (RTC) ICs in hobby and low-cost embedded systems. It provides basic timekeeping functionality with battery backup and communicates via I2C, making it easy to integrate into Arduino and other microcontroller projects. Despite its age and limitations, the DS1307 is still relevant where cost is

The display is one of the most important design elements of any clock. It determines readability, power consumption, aesthetics and overall user experience. There are several common display technologies used in clock projects, each with its own strengths and limitations. This guide compares the most popular options: 7-segment displays, LCDs, OLEDs and ePaper. 7-Segment Displays

The DS3231 is one of the most accurate and widely used real-time clock (RTC) ICs available for embedded systems. Unlike simpler RTCs such as the DS1307, the DS3231 includes an integrated crystal and temperature compensation, making it a reliable choice for applications that require stable and precise timekeeping. For most modern designs, the DS3231 has

Handling time zones and daylight saving time (DST) is one of the most common sources of errors in embedded systems. While obtaining accurate time is relatively straightforward using RTCs, GPS or NTP, converting that time into meaningful local time is often more complex than expected. This article explains how to correctly handle UTC, time zones

The DS1307 and DS3231 are two of the most commonly used real-time clock (RTC) ICs in Arduino and embedded projects. While they are similar in function and even share the same I2C address, their performance and internal design are very different. This article compares both RTCs and helps you decide which one is the better

Handling time in embedded systems is not only about keeping accurate time, but also about storing, transmitting and processing it efficiently. One of the most widely used representations is Unix time, also known as epoch time. This article explains Unix time, common time formats and how they are used in embedded systems. What Is Unix

Real-time clocks (RTCs) are designed to keep time continuously, even when the main system power is removed. This is made possible by a backup power source, typically a coin cell battery or, in some designs, a supercapacitor. Choosing the right backup method is critical for reliable long-term timekeeping. Why RTC Backup Power Is Needed When

In professional and robust embedded systems, relying on a single time source is often not sufficient. Each method—RTC, GPS, NTP and atomic clock receivers—has strengths and weaknesses. By combining multiple time sources, you can build systems that are both highly accurate and reliable under all conditions. Why Combine Time Sources? No single method is perfect